Human Phenotype Ontology 
Grandparent Node:
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Abnormal axial skeleton morphology (HP:0009121)help
Grandparent Node:
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Abnormality of the head (HP:0000234)help
Parent Node:
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Abnormal skull morphology (HP:0000929)help
..Starting node
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Abnormality of skull ossification (HP:0002703)help
Term ID: 2703
Name: Abnormality of skull ossification
Synonym: Abnormality of bone calcification of calvarium; Abnormality of bone calcification of cranium; Abnormality of bone calcification of skull; Abnormality of bone formation of calvarium; Abnormality of bone formation of cranium; Abnormality of bone mineralization of calvarium; Abnormality of bone mineralization of cranium; Abnormality of bone mineralization of skull; Abnormality of ossification of calvarium; Abnormality of ossification of cranium; Abnormality of skull bone formation
Definition: An abnormality of the process of ossification of the skull.
Comments:
Reference: HP:0002703
Genes and Diseases:
 
       Child Nodes:
........expandIncreased skull ossification (HP:0004330) help
................... HP:0000250 Dense calvaria
................... HP:0004563 Increased spinal bone density
........expandDecreased skull ossification (HP:0004331) help
................... HP:0005451 Decreased cranial base ossification
................... HP:0005474 Decreased calvarial ossification

 Sister Nodes: 
..expandAbnormal calvaria morphology (HP:0002683) help
..expandAbnormal facial skeleton morphology (HP:0011821) help
..expandAbnormal foramen magnum morphology (HP:0002699) help
..expandAbnormal mastoid morphology (HP:0000264) help
..expandAbnormal morphology of bony orbit of skull (HP:3000030) help
..expandAbnormal occipital bone morphology (HP:0012294) help
..expandAbnormal sella turcica morphology (HP:0002679) help
..expandAbnormal temporal bone morphology (HP:0009911) help
..expandAbnormality of skull size (HP:0000240) help
..expandAbnormality of the skull base (HP:0002693) help
..expandAplasia/Hypoplasia involving bones of the skull (HP:0009116) help
..expandCephalocele (HP:0011815) help
..expandCraniofacial dysostosis (HP:0004439) help
InputHPO IDHPO termDistanceGeneGene id entrezHGNC IDDiseaseIdDiseaseNameFrequencyOnsetHGMD variantsClinVar variants
 
HPO disease - gene - phenotype typical associations:
 
HPO disease - gene - phenotype less frequent non-typical associations:
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0ALG9 CL E G H7979615672OMIM:263210Gillessen-Kaesbach-Nishimura syndrome93
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0ALPL CL E G H249438OMIM:241500Hypophosphatasia, infantile126
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0ALX4 CL E G H60529450ORPHA:52022Potocki-Shaffer syndrome132
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0ANTXR1 CL E G H8416821014ORPHA:2067GAPO syndrome8
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0BMPER CL E G H16866724154OMIM:608022DIAPHANOSPONDYLODYSOSTOSIS78
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0COL1A1 CL E G H12772197OMIM:166210Osteogenesis imperfecta, type IIA373
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0COL1A1 CL E G H12772197OMIM:259420Osteogenesis imperfecta, type III373
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0COL1A2 CL E G H12782198OMIM:166210Osteogenesis imperfecta, type IIA243
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0COL1A2 CL E G H12782198OMIM:259420Osteogenesis imperfecta, type III243
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0COL2A1 CL E G H12802200OMIM:151210Platyspondylic lethal skeletal dysplasia, Torrance type284
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0CREB3L1 CL E G H9099318856OMIM:616229Osteogenesis imperfecta, type XVI4
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0CRTAP CL E G H104912379OMIM:610682Osteogenesis imperfecta, type VII124
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0CSF1R CL E G H14362433OMIM:618476Brain abnormalities, neurodegeneration, and dysosteosclerosis149
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0EXT2 CL E G H21323513ORPHA:52022Potocki-Shaffer syndrome102
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0FAM111A CL E G H6390124725ORPHA:93325Autosomal dominant Kenny-Caffey syndrome8
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0FAM111A CL E G H6390124725OMIM:602361Gracile bone dysplasia8
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0FGFR2 CL E G H22633689ORPHA:313855FGFR2-related bent bone dysplasia175
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0FIG4 CL E G H989616873ORPHA:3472Yunis-Varon syndrome111
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0FIG4 CL E G H989616873OMIM:216340Yunis-Varon syndrome111
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0HDAC6 CL E G H1001314064OMIM:300863Chondrodysplasia with platyspondyly, distinctive brachydactyly, hydrocephaly, and microphthalmia2
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0HGSNAT CL E G H13805026527OMIM:252930Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIC86
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0HHAT CL E G H5573318270ORPHA:1422Chondrodysplasia-disorder of sex development syndrome
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0IFT43 CL E G H11275229669OMIM:617866SHORT-RIB THORACIC DYSPLASIA 18 WITH POLYDACTYLY; SRTD1811
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0INTU CL E G H2715229239OMIM:617925Short-Rib thoracic dysplasia 20 with polydactyly
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0LAMA5 CL E G H39116485OMIM:6200765
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0LBR CL E G H39306518ORPHA:1426Greenberg dysplasia70
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0LBR CL E G H39306518OMIM:215140Greenberg dysplasia70
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0LMNA CL E G H40006636ORPHA:1662Restrictive dermopathy645
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0MPL CL E G H43527217ORPHA:3319Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia97
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0NAGLU CL E G H46697632OMIM:252920Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB72
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0NOTCH2 CL E G H48537882ORPHA:955Hajdu-Cheney syndrome138
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0OSTM1 CL E G H2896221652ORPHA:85179Infantile osteopetrosis with neuroaxonal dysplasia73
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0P3H1 CL E G H6417519316OMIM:610915Osteogenesis imperfecta, type VIII43
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0PHF21A CL E G H5131724156ORPHA:52022Potocki-Shaffer syndrome2
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0PPIB CL E G H54799255OMIM:259440Osteogenesis imperfecta, type IX39
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0RBL2 CL E G H59349894OMIM:619690BRUNET-WAGNER NEURODEVELOPMENTAL SYNDROME; BRUWAG
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0RUNX2 CL E G H86010472ORPHA:1452Cleidocranial dysplasia90
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0SEC23A CL E G H1048410701ORPHA:50814Craniolenticulosutural dysplasia2
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0SGSH CL E G H644810818OMIM:252900Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA97
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0SLC25A19 CL E G H6038614409ORPHA:99742Amish lethal microcephaly36
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0SLC25A24 CL E G H2995720662ORPHA:2963Progeroid syndrome, Petty type
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0TAPT1 CL E G H20201826887OMIM:616897Osteochondrodysplasia, complex lethal, Symoens-Barnes-Gistelinck type2
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0TBCE CL E G H690511582ORPHA:93324Autosomal recessive Kenny-Caffey syndrome52
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0TBCE CL E G H690511582OMIM:244460Kenny-caffey syndrome, type 152
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0THPO CL E G H706611795ORPHA:3319Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia23
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0TRIP11 CL E G H932112305OMIM:200600Achondrogenesis, type IA133
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0TXNDC15 CL E G H7977020652OMIM:6198792
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0VAC14 CL E G H5569725507ORPHA:3472Yunis-Varon syndrome6
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0VCP CL E G H741512666ORPHA:329475Spastic paraplegia-Paget disease of bone syndrome63
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0WNT7A CL E G H747612786OMIM:276820Ulna and fibula, absence of, with severe limb deficiency13
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0ZMPSTE24 CL E G H1026912877ORPHA:1662Restrictive dermopathy83
HP:0002703HP:0002703Abnormality of skull ossification0ZMPSTE24 CL E G H1026912877OMIM:275210Restrictive dermopathy, lethal83
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1ALG9 CL E G H7979615672OMIM:263210Gillessen-Kaesbach-Nishimura syndrome93
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1ALPL CL E G H249438OMIM:241500Hypophosphatasia, infantile126
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1ALX4 CL E G H60529450ORPHA:52022Potocki-Shaffer syndromeHP:0040281 - Very frequent132
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1ANTXR1 CL E G H8416821014ORPHA:2067GAPO syndromeHP:0040283 - Occasional8
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1BMPER CL E G H16866724154OMIM:608022DIAPHANOSPONDYLODYSOSTOSIS78
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1COL1A1 CL E G H12772197OMIM:166210Osteogenesis imperfecta, type IIA373
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1COL1A1 CL E G H12772197OMIM:259420Osteogenesis imperfecta, type III373
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1COL1A2 CL E G H12782198OMIM:166210Osteogenesis imperfecta, type IIA243
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1COL1A2 CL E G H12782198OMIM:259420Osteogenesis imperfecta, type III243
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1COL2A1 CL E G H12802200OMIM:151210Platyspondylic lethal skeletal dysplasia, Torrance type284
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1CREB3L1 CL E G H9099318856OMIM:616229Osteogenesis imperfecta, type XVI4
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1CRTAP CL E G H104912379OMIM:610682Osteogenesis imperfecta, type VII124
HP:0002703HP:0004330Increased skull ossification1CSF1R CL E G H14362433OMIM:618476Brain abnormalities, neurodegeneration, and dysosteosclerosis149
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1EXT2 CL E G H21323513ORPHA:52022Potocki-Shaffer syndromeHP:0040281 - Very frequent102
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1FAM111A CL E G H6390124725ORPHA:93325Autosomal dominant Kenny-Caffey syndromeHP:0040282 - Frequent8
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1FAM111A CL E G H6390124725OMIM:602361Gracile bone dysplasiaHP:0040283 - Occasional8
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1FGFR2 CL E G H22633689ORPHA:313855FGFR2-related bent bone dysplasia175
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1FIG4 CL E G H989616873OMIM:216340Yunis-Varon syndrome.111
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1FIG4 CL E G H989616873ORPHA:3472Yunis-Varon syndromeHP:0040282 - Frequent111
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1HDAC6 CL E G H1001314064OMIM:300863Chondrodysplasia with platyspondyly, distinctive brachydactyly, hydrocephaly, and microphthalmia.2
HP:0002703HP:0004330Increased skull ossification1HGSNAT CL E G H13805026527OMIM:252930Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIC86
HP:0002703HP:0004330Increased skull ossification1HHAT CL E G H5573318270ORPHA:1422Chondrodysplasia-disorder of sex development syndromeHP:0040281 - Very frequent
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1IFT43 CL E G H11275229669OMIM:617866SHORT-RIB THORACIC DYSPLASIA 18 WITH POLYDACTYLY; SRTD1811
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1INTU CL E G H2715229239OMIM:617925Short-Rib thoracic dysplasia 20 with polydactyly
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1LAMA5 CL E G H39116485OMIM:6200765
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1LBR CL E G H39306518OMIM:215140Greenberg dysplasia70
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1LBR CL E G H39306518ORPHA:1426Greenberg dysplasiaHP:0040282 - Frequent70
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1LMNA CL E G H40006636ORPHA:1662Restrictive dermopathyHP:0040281 - Very frequent645
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1MPL CL E G H43527217ORPHA:3319Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopeniaHP:0040283 - Occasional97
HP:0002703HP:0004330Increased skull ossification1NAGLU CL E G H46697632OMIM:252920Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB72
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1NOTCH2 CL E G H48537882ORPHA:955Hajdu-Cheney syndromeHP:0040281 - Very frequent138
HP:0002703HP:0004330Increased skull ossification1OSTM1 CL E G H2896221652ORPHA:85179Infantile osteopetrosis with neuroaxonal dysplasiaHP:0040282 - Frequent73
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1P3H1 CL E G H6417519316OMIM:610915Osteogenesis imperfecta, type VIII.43
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1PHF21A CL E G H5131724156ORPHA:52022Potocki-Shaffer syndromeHP:0040281 - Very frequent2
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1PPIB CL E G H54799255OMIM:259440Osteogenesis imperfecta, type IX39
HP:0002703HP:0004330Increased skull ossification1RBL2 CL E G H59349894OMIM:619690BRUNET-WAGNER NEURODEVELOPMENTAL SYNDROME; BRUWAG
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1RUNX2 CL E G H86010472ORPHA:1452Cleidocranial dysplasiaHP:0040282 - Frequent90
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1SEC23A CL E G H1048410701ORPHA:50814Craniolenticulosutural dysplasiaHP:0040281 - Very frequent2
HP:0002703HP:0004330Increased skull ossification1SGSH CL E G H644810818OMIM:252900Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA97
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1SLC25A19 CL E G H6038614409ORPHA:99742Amish lethal microcephalyHP:0040283 - Occasional36
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1SLC25A24 CL E G H2995720662ORPHA:2963Progeroid syndrome, Petty typeHP:0040281 - Very frequent
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1TAPT1 CL E G H20201826887OMIM:616897Osteochondrodysplasia, complex lethal, Symoens-Barnes-Gistelinck type2
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1TBCE CL E G H690511582ORPHA:93324Autosomal recessive Kenny-Caffey syndromeHP:0040282 - Frequent52
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1TBCE CL E G H690511582OMIM:244460Kenny-caffey syndrome, type 1.52
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1THPO CL E G H706611795ORPHA:3319Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopeniaHP:0040283 - Occasional23
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1TRIP11 CL E G H932112305OMIM:200600Achondrogenesis, type IA.133
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1TXNDC15 CL E G H7977020652OMIM:6198792
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1VAC14 CL E G H5569725507ORPHA:3472Yunis-Varon syndromeHP:0040282 - Frequent6
HP:0002703HP:0004330Increased skull ossification1VCP CL E G H741512666ORPHA:329475Spastic paraplegia-Paget disease of bone syndrome63
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1WNT7A CL E G H747612786OMIM:276820Ulna and fibula, absence of, with severe limb deficiency13
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1ZMPSTE24 CL E G H1026912877ORPHA:1662Restrictive dermopathyHP:0040281 - Very frequent83
HP:0002703HP:0004331Decreased skull ossification1ZMPSTE24 CL E G H1026912877OMIM:275210Restrictive dermopathy, lethal83
HP:0002703HP:0005474Decreased calvarial ossification2ALPL CL E G H249438OMIM:241500Hypophosphatasia, infantile.126
HP:0002703HP:0005474Decreased calvarial ossification2COL1A1 CL E G H12772197OMIM:166210Osteogenesis imperfecta, type IIA373
HP:0002703HP:0005474Decreased calvarial ossification2COL1A1 CL E G H12772197OMIM:259420Osteogenesis imperfecta, type III.373
HP:0002703HP:0005474Decreased calvarial ossification2COL1A2 CL E G H12782198OMIM:166210Osteogenesis imperfecta, type IIA243
HP:0002703HP:0005474Decreased calvarial ossification2COL1A2 CL E G H12782198OMIM:259420Osteogenesis imperfecta, type III.243
HP:0002703HP:0005451Decreased cranial base ossification2COL2A1 CL E G H12802200OMIM:151210Platyspondylic lethal skeletal dysplasia, Torrance type.284
HP:0002703HP:0005474Decreased calvarial ossification2CREB3L1 CL E G H9099318856OMIM:616229Osteogenesis imperfecta, type XVI4
HP:0002703HP:0005474Decreased calvarial ossification2CRTAP CL E G H104912379OMIM:610682Osteogenesis imperfecta, type VII.124
HP:0002703HP:0005474Decreased calvarial ossification2FGFR2 CL E G H22633689ORPHA:313855FGFR2-related bent bone dysplasiaHP:0040281 - Very frequent175
HP:0002703HP:0005474Decreased calvarial ossification2FIG4 CL E G H989616873OMIM:216340Yunis-Varon syndrome111
HP:0002703HP:0000250Dense calvaria2HGSNAT CL E G H13805026527OMIM:252930Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIC.86
HP:0002703HP:0005474Decreased calvarial ossification2IFT43 CL E G H11275229669OMIM:617866SHORT-RIB THORACIC DYSPLASIA 18 WITH POLYDACTYLY; SRTD1811
HP:0002703HP:0005474Decreased calvarial ossification2INTU CL E G H2715229239OMIM:617925Short-Rib thoracic dysplasia 20 with polydactyly
HP:0002703HP:0005474Decreased calvarial ossification2LAMA5 CL E G H39116485OMIM:6200765
HP:0002703HP:0000250Dense calvaria2NAGLU CL E G H46697632OMIM:252920Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB.72
HP:0002703HP:0005474Decreased calvarial ossification2P3H1 CL E G H6417519316OMIM:610915Osteogenesis imperfecta, type VIII43
HP:0002703HP:0005474Decreased calvarial ossification2PPIB CL E G H54799255OMIM:259440Osteogenesis imperfecta, type IX39
HP:0002703HP:0000250Dense calvaria2SGSH CL E G H644810818OMIM:252900Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA.97
HP:0002703HP:0005474Decreased calvarial ossification2TXNDC15 CL E G H7977020652OMIM:6198792
HP:0002703HP:0004563Increased spinal bone density2VCP CL E G H741512666ORPHA:329475Spastic paraplegia-Paget disease of bone syndromeHP:0040281 - Very frequent63
HP:0002703HP:0005474Decreased calvarial ossification2WNT7A CL E G H747612786OMIM:276820Ulna and fibula, absence of, with severe limb deficiency.13
HP:0002703HP:0005474Decreased calvarial ossification2ZMPSTE24 CL E G H1026912877OMIM:275210Restrictive dermopathy, lethal.83
HP:0002703HP:0005623Absent ossification of calvaria3COL1A1 CL E G H12772197OMIM:166210Osteogenesis imperfecta, type IIA373
HP:0002703HP:0005623Absent ossification of calvaria3COL1A2 CL E G H12782198OMIM:166210Osteogenesis imperfecta, type IIA243


Genes (45) :ALG9 ALPL ALX4 ANTXR1 BMPER COL1A1 COL1A2 COL2A1 CREB3L1 CRTAP CSF1R EXT2 FAM111A FGFR2 FIG4 HDAC6 HGSNAT HHAT IFT43 INTU LAMA5 LBR LMNA MPL NAGLU NOTCH2 OSTM1 P3H1 PHF21A PPIB RBL2 RUNX2 SEC23A SGSH SLC25A19 SLC25A24 TAPT1 TBCE THPO TRIP11 TXNDC15 VAC14 VCP WNT7A ZMPSTE24

Diseases (45) :OMIM:263210 OMIM:241500 ORPHA:52022 ORPHA:2067 OMIM:608022 OMIM:166210 OMIM:259420 OMIM:151210 OMIM:616229 OMIM:610682 OMIM:618476 ORPHA:93325 OMIM:602361 ORPHA:313855 ORPHA:3472 OMIM:216340 OMIM:300863 OMIM:252930 ORPHA:1422 OMIM:617866 OMIM:617925 OMIM:620076 ORPHA:1426 OMIM:215140 ORPHA:1662 ORPHA:3319 OMIM:252920 ORPHA:955 ORPHA:85179 OMIM:610915 OMIM:259440 OMIM:619690 ORPHA:1452 ORPHA:50814 OMIM:252900 ORPHA:99742 ORPHA:2963 OMIM:616897 ORPHA:93324 OMIM:244460 OMIM:200600 OMIM:619879 ORPHA:329475 OMIM:276820 OMIM:275210
 

Human Phenotype Ontology(HPO) is developed by the Human Phenotype Ontology Consortium. The version used here is December 15 2022 release.